Apparatus for producing gas.



PATENTED FEB. 27, 1906.

G. MARGONNET. APPARATUS FOR PRODUCING GAS.

AIPLIOATIOR FILED DEG- 3, 1904.

ITED STATES PATENT OFFICE GEORGES MARCONNE'I, or PARIS, FRANCE.

. APPARA'rus FOR PRODUCING GAS.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Feb. 27, 1906.

Application filed December 8, 1904. Serial No. 235,403.

- To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, Gnonens MA coNiIET,

i a citizen of the Republic of France, residing at larly in the act of carging.

116 Rue de Cocqueville, Paris, France, have invented new and usefulImprovements in Apparatus for Producing Gas from Pulveriza le Fuel, ofwhich the following is a specification; T

In gas-producers ordinarily employed it is difficult to succeed inburning fuel containing a sufficiently large quantity of volatileproducts or fuel whose combustion results 1n an undue quantity ofcindors or adhesive clinkers or a fuel that is of a pulveriZablecharacter.- This difiicult originates more particu- When, as has so farbeen the custom, such gas-producers are charged at the one operationwith the quan-' of fuel. The presence of these parts in contact at ahigh temperature'causes the vitrifiable parts to become, so"'to speak,welded toget er or adhere to the adjacent walls, ahd they ultiniatelychoke up the ap aratus. If the fuel be very richin cinder, t esebycollectin'gprecisely at a point where air or gases ought to pass alsoobstruct the apparatus un ess they are'removed by means of the skilfuluse of a poker. Furthermore, as the combustion does .nottake place at asufliciently high temperature, excepting to -a somewhat limited extentand with. a continually-decreasing proportion of oxygen, thehydrocarbons arenot completely consumed.v I again, the fuel containedbutlittle cinder, few volatile products and no adhesive clinkers,working would bequite impossible with the ordinar apparatus if the fuelwere iii a pulverized mm, as the air in that case could not enetrate themass.

T 's invention relates to apparatus that admits of the completecombustion of a fuel me powder, while the cinders therefrom aredeposited at a part where they will cause no inconvenience.

sed' arefirst of all con? In the improved apparatus combustion 1scarried out to a certain extent atom by atom over a largecombustion-surface and at a high temperaturein such a way that thecombustion of the hydrocarbons may be complete, while, on the otherhand, the vitrifiable scoriae cannot adhere together except at a art ofthe apparatus from which they and a so the cinders can be easily moved.

To this end thefuel if it is not already in a powdery state is reducedinto a powder,

which may be as fine as desired by crushing in apparatus of any suitablekind.

In principle the. roc'ess consists in' allowing the pulverized el tofall or be mechanically distributed into the upper or inlet end of achute-shaped conduit, the lower part or exit end of which opens into acinder-collector.. The grains or fine particles of fuel are consumed intheir passage through the conduitby flames from a series ofburnerssuitably arranged in stages on the main part of the chute or tube andpast which the particles of fuel travel. The accompanying drawings.show,by wayofexample, one construction of apparatus for carryingv outor practically 'ap-,

yln'g this princip In the drawings, Figure 1 is a longitudinal section,and Fig. 2 is a cross-section corresponding to the line A A of Fig. 1.

I The pulverized fuel is deposited to the amount desired for a desiredtime in a hopper a, of suitable dimensions arranged at the upper end ofa chamber or chute 7), constructed of fire-clay. The bottom of thishopperis provided with a distributing device c, that causes the fuel tofall down like'a shower of rain. The distributing mechanism may, forexample, be the cone ofa cofl'ee mill. The more rapidly this conerotates the greater will be the quantity of fuel that falls down in apredetermined period. The resistance offered by the air into which thisshower of fuel falls prior to its reaching the first orifice h dividesit up still further and changes it to a certain extent into a cloud, soto speak,'composed of fine particles.

The conduit 11 is a chamber of rectangular cross-section, the two sidewalls 0 of which are separated by a few inches only and are much longertnan the end walls (I. The lower par? of the conduit 1) opens into acinder-collecting chamber e.- The side walls 0 form, in conjunction withthe main side walls of the fire-clay chute, conduits f g, respectively,servingfor the passage of air and for the passage that the air andg'asreaching t 10 conduits f I s V The gas will" pass to the upper end ofthe gasometer be small or it the plant docsuiot the power ol'the motor.

slight 'ressure, so that they will pass out ing more than unchangeableor dead matter.

, three fire-clay conduits-in a second chamber [g5 air which may have tmyersed the conduit 1) without havin .becnconfsumed and which in theupper end of the chamber i through the 35.

, branch pipe attached to this 'gasometer will there may, as shown, bearranged in the air of'gas to orifices h, arranged instages through-'out the length of the conduit b. The conduit g is fed with poor or richgas and the conduit f with air. Both gas and air are subjected to Asitis preferable that this combustion should be carried out .at a high tern)erature and,

and 9 should for thisfpiirpose; be first-heated, it is advantageous toarrange the whole of the i, in which acoal or coke fire is kept burning.This fire willbe kept alight by the excess of the example illustrated{will follow the direc tion indicated hyi'the arrows and 2, Fig. 1.

chamber "5, leaving its dust in the chamber e and in the chamber 1,, andWlll pass from conduit is to the --puril"\ ing apparatus or washers andto the gasomcter and motor. A

be connected to the conduit g, so as to feed the orifices h. The ash andcindcrs that' collect in the chamber c may be rcmovcd'by mcansol'a doorm. i

As will be understood, the gas-producer dc-' scribed will at any givenmoment contain onlya small quantity of fuel, while by this prmacss thegas is produccd in a definite quantity in a continuous fashion. Hence ifthe comprise a gasometcn such a gas-producer will be able to Iollowall-the variations 'of the load on the motor, provided that the feed ofcoal he atall, times governed or controlled by This result is easytoobtain by establishing a connection between the speed of thecoal-distributor and the rc gulator-ol'.the motor.

In order to obtain gas richer inhydrogen,

.and gas conduits f and g coils 1!, receiving water under pressure,which being converted into steam passes, through thccon'duit b with thefuel and contributes by its intermingling with the gas and air to theproduction of perfect combustion.

Instead of allowing gas to enter the conduit g and air to entertheconduit f gas already j mixed with a certain quantity of air may beallowed to enter these conduits, the mixture being suitably injected insuch a "'v tion of the coal will be supplied by separate What I claimis 1. In a gas-producer, a condu1t,'means for conduits arranged in theconduits f and g.

causing jets of flame to project into said conduit, means for causing ashower of powdered fuel to pass through said conduit, means forreceiving cmders at the exlt end of issuing from said conduit,substantially as described.

2. In a gas producer, a vertically-arranged conduit,.means for causingjets of flame to project into said conduit, means for causing saidopenings, means for causing a shower of 8o said conduit and meanstor-collectin gas powdered fuel to' fall through said conduit, a

cinder-receiver at the lower end of'said conduit and means forcollecting gas issuing from said conduit, substantially as described.

4. In a gas-producer, a vertically-arranged conduit of rectangular shapein cross-section and two of whose walls are pierced with nu.- mcroussmall" holes, a gas-chamber with which the holes of one said wallcommunicate, an air-chamber. with which the holes of the o )positc wallconmumicate, means for supp bcrs, means for causing a shower of powdcred fuel to fall through said conduit, a cinder-receiver at the lowerend of said conduit and means for collecting gas issuing from saidconduit, substantially as described.

5. in a gasp.roducer, a vertically-arranged conduit of rectangular shapein cross-section and two of whose walls are pierced with nu--- meroussmall holes, a gas-chamber with which theholcs of one said wallcommunicate, an air-chamlwiwith which the holes of the o )posito wallcommunicate, means-for supplying gas and air respectively to saidchambers, means l'orv heating said' air' and gas, means for causing ashower of powdered fuel to l' all through said conduit, acindcr-rcccivcr at the lower end of said conduit and means forcollecting gas issuing from said conduit, substantially as described.

6. In a gas-producer, a vcrt ically-ai'rangeil conduit of rectzmgularshape in cross-scction and two of whose walls are pierced with numeroussmall holes, .a gas-chamoer with vin 'as and air res cctivelvto'saidchamsubstantially as described.

slaves which the holes of one said wall communicate, an air-chamber withwhich the holes of the 0 posite wall communicate, means-for supp yinggas and air respectively to said chamers, means for heating said air andgas, means for delivering water to said conduit, means for causing ashower of powdered fuel to fall through said conduit, a cinder-receiverat the lower end of said conduit and means for collecting gas issuingfrom said conduit,

. 7. In a asproducer, a vertically-arranged conduit 0 rectangular shapein cross-section and. two of whose walls are pierced with numorons smallholes, a gas-chamber with which the holes of one said wall communicate,an air-chamber with which the holes of the opposite wall communicate,means for supp ying as and air res ectively to said chamers, aheating-charm er in which said conduit and said air and gas chambers areoil-ted, a fire grate in said heating-chamber, meansfor causing a showerof'powdered fuel to fall through said conduit, a cinder-receiver at thelower end of said conduit and means for collecting gas issuing from saidconduit, substantially as described.

8. In a gas-producer a Vertically-arranged outer casing, a fire-grate insaid casing, a conduit centrally arranged within said casing,

. passing through the top thereof and extendmg through and slightlybelow said fire-grate, said conduit having its wall throughout thatortion thereof within said casing above said ire-grate pierced with twoseries of small holes, a chamber communicating with one said series ofholes, a secondchamber communicating with the other said series ofholes, pipes supplying air and gas respectively to said chambers, ahopper for powdered fuel at the upper end of said conduit, a deviceconnected with said he per adapted to allow the fuel therefrom to fal ina shower into said conduit, a door at the bottom of said casing throughwhich cinders collecting below the open lower end of said conduit can bewithdrawn, and a pipe at the upper end of said casing through which thegas produced may said cham ers, a-hoptper for powdered fuel at I theupperend of sai nectedg with said hop er adapted to allow the fueltherefrom to fal in a shower into said conduit, a door at the bottom ofsaid casing through which cinders collecting below the open lover end ofsaid conduit can be withdrawn, a pipe at the upper end of said casingthrough which the gas produced may be withdrawn, and water-tubes locatedin said air and gas chambers adapted to discharge water into saidconduit, substantially as described.

In testimony whereof I have signed my name to this specification in thepresence of two subscribing witnesses.

GEORGES MARCONNET.

Witnesses:

LoUIs GARDET, IAROHIBALD R. BAKER.

conduit, a device con

